|
Purpose and destination of document
|
i |
|
Executive summary
|
ii |
|
|
|
1.
|
Motivation and Background
|
1 |
|
2.
|
Methodology
|
3 |
|
3.
|
Definition of Long-Distance Transport
|
5 |
|
4.
|
Targets and Baseline Scenario
|
8 |
| |
4.1 |
The Targets
|
8 |
| |
4.2 |
The baseline
|
9 |
| |
4.2.1 |
System delimitations:
|
9 |
| |
4.2.2 |
Transport volumes 2005-2047
|
12 |
| |
4.2.3 |
CO2 Emissions 2005-2047
|
17 |
| |
4.2.4 |
Energy consumption 2005-2047
|
23 |
| |
4.3 |
From the baseline to the targets - focus on CO2
|
27 |
|
5.
|
The Images: Three Snapshots of 2047
|
31 |
| |
5.1 |
Image I: Strong and rich high-tech Europe
|
38 |
| |
5.2 |
Image II: Slow and reflexive lifestyles
|
41 |
| |
5.3 |
Image of contrast III: economic pressure and expensive energy
|
43 |
|
6.
|
Key Technologies
|
46 |
| |
6.1 |
ITS and ICT
|
46 |
| |
6.2 |
Extending infrastructure and removing bottlenecks: examples
|
47 |
| |
6.3 |
Cleaner fuels and propulsion technologies
|
49 |
|
7.
|
Policy Packages to Reach the Targets
|
53 |
| |
7.1 |
Brief documentation of the discussion on policy packages
|
54 |
| |
7.1.1 |
Tackling air transport - key arguments
|
55 |
| |
7.1.2 |
Tackling trucking - key arguments
|
59 |
| |
7.2 |
How to reach the targets
|
64 |
| |
7.2.1 |
Image I
|
64 |
| |
7.2.2 |
Image II
|
66 |
| |
7.2.3 |
Contrast Image
|
67 |
|
8.
|
Conclusive Remarks
|
69 |
|
9.
|
References
|
72 |
|
10.
|
Annexes
|
75 |
|
|
Annex A: System delimitations
|
75 |
|
|
Annex B: Specific energy usage for trucking changed
|
84 |
|
|
Annex D: Expert workshop
|
90 |